The Journal of Management and Innovation was developed to serve both the needs of Mercy College and the business community, including: students, academics, business practitioners, and organizations of all shapes and sizes. This is accomplished by providing analysis of current issues and the presentation of new ideas related to management and innovation. Our focus is to discuss actionable ideas that can improve the lives, experiences, and profits of our readers.
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Proximity is a significant factor is the efficacy of a team, and the teams ability to be innovative. This article explores the concept of Cumulative Proximity; which is a theory that contends that proximity is more than geographic, and is driven by the the amount and quality of interaction between team members. More over it builds on the theory of Virtual Proximity in that it see proximity more as an emotional state than a physical state, and it applies the concept of Cumulative Proximity to the Return to Office (RTO) movement currently under way in American business.
Cognitive Ability, Emotional Intelligence, and Their Impact on Academic Performance
Studies have modeled academic performance with variables such as motivation, personality, and learning strategies. No previous study, however, has considered the impact of emotional intelligence (EI), in addition to cognitive ability, on one model of academic performance. The research questions examined the relationship between EI and academic performance and cognitive ability and academic performance. The theoretical framework for this study was Mayer, Salovey, and Caruso’s theory of emotional intelligence. Linear regression and correlation analyses were utilized to examine EI and cognitive ability to academic performance among a sample of 160 college students who completed the Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT) survey. Results demonstrated that cognitive ability is a significant predictor of academic performance, a finding that supports the results of previous studies. The resulting model provides teachers and students with a better understanding of the relationship between one’s EI and one’s ability to perform academically.
Daniel Goleman’s Emotionally Intelligent Contribution to Organizational Theory
Emotional Intelligence, developed for a business environment by Daniel Goleman in 1995, builds on Classical Organizational Theory, adds to Behavioral Management Theory, and is highly relevant in today’s current business environment. The benefits of Emotional Intelligence can be categorized into self-awareness, emotional management, and social management. Emotionally intelligent business managers use these skills to enhance their own performance and manage others in a way that minimizes conflict and improves efficiency. While Daniel Goleman’s Theory of Emotional Intelligence has not been specifically recognized as a contribution to the Human Relations Movement, this paper explains why Goleman’s work on Emotional Intelligence is strongly related to the fundamentals of the Human Relations Movement and why Goleman’s work should be recognized as a useful and enduring Behavioral Management Theory.
The Effect of a Time Awareness Intervention on Test Performance
Judicious use of time is one of many factors that can improve college students’ academic performance; however, time management training is not cost-effective. Time awareness, or the ability to trigger—consciously or unconsciously—an awareness of time’s ability to influence productivity and effect behavioral change to optimize its use, may be a more easily fostered alternative. In this study, a simple, lightweight intervention for improving students’ time awareness was tested. In a randomized control trial/experimental design consisting of 78 business students, the time management intervention caused a significant improvement over the control group, both in absolute terms and relative to baseline scores. The conclusion is that time awareness interventions may be a cost-effective tool by which student achievement can be bolstered.
Influence of Psychological Capital on the Internationalization of Commercial Banks in Kenya
Globally, psychological capital among managers is an important component of global mindset that catapults the internationalization focus of commercial banks. However, conceptualization of the relationship between psychological capital and internationalization of commercial banks in the Kenyan context requires more studies. With this purview, this paper examined the relationship between psychological capital and internationalization of commercial banks in Kenya. The paper adopted positivism philosophical approach and applied cross-sectional descriptive research design. The target population was top and middle level managers of commercial banks in Kenya. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted. In addition, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to establish the influence of attributes of psychological capital on internationalization of commercial banks in Kenya. The findings established that psychological capital has a statistically significant influence on internationalization of commercial banks in Kenya. Psychological capital was considered to include; passion for diversity, quest for adventure, and self-assurance. It was concluded that psychological traits espoused in managers determine their contribution towards organizations’ ability to venture into international markets. Specifically, self-assurance, quest for adventure, and passion for diversity among managers largely contribute to their success rate in implementing internationalization strategies among commercial banks in Kenya.
Structures for Success: How the Structure of Todays Professional Organizations Are Changing
Many if not most of the organizational models in use today have their roots in theories and practices developed at the height of the industrial revolution. As the rate change in the environment increases these molds are proving themselves inadequate to deal with the demands they are currently facing. This article explores the need for new social technologies and products to replace those that are failing, and the need for these structures to be designed to more natively deal the challenges we face today. The author reviews several of these models with an eye to discussing the attributes that are increasing the effectiveness of modern organizations.
A case for as shift in leadership types for Financial Services
In this paper we evaluate the changes to the financial services industry likely to come from the emergence of Artificial Intelligence and the impact on the role of leader in this new paradigm. The central question is what leadership styles will be most effective in dealing with the shifting technology infrastructure and the emerging changes in employee behaviors, customer experiences and competitive environments. The new ways of performing the critical role of finance in society will require transformational leadership for the existing providers to remain competitive.
Managing at a Distance - Setting the Groundwork
For several years I have been looking at the issues surrounding the need for, and the management of remote workers. This paper looks at some of the environmental factors driving the need to rethink our team and organizational development. The principles here are some of the foundational elements for a book that will be discussing changes in our management of remote workers, and how we think about our organizational structures.
In 1968, Ball and Brown produced a ground-breaking study that illustrated that there is valuable information content in financial statements. This paper reexamines the influential work of Ball and Brown, discusses the research developments that made the work of Ball and Brown (1968) such an impactful step in accounting, finance, and capital markets research, and examines studies since Ball and Brown (1968) that have attempted to provide further insight into the key findings of that study. This paper then proposes a methodology that could be used to test the findings of Ball and Brown (1968) in today’s market environment; lastly, this paper reports the results of a study using that methodology. The results of the study in this paper do not reaffirm the original results of Ball and Brown in 1968; however, the results of this study combined with an analysis of the optimal methodology provides insight into how Ball and Brown reached their conclusions in 1968 and how future studies could successfully produce the same results. Based on the analysis in this paper, in order for future studies to successfully replicate the results of Ball and Brown (1968), these studies should consider the effect that company size has on the value of information content in financial statements, consider the effect that a high degree of analyst coverage has on the value of information content in financial statements, and understand the unstable correlation between earnings surprises and price reactions.
Social media has become a commonplace part of modern life. Individuals use sites like Instagram to share pictures and their usage of social media sites is often related to personality. However, the relationship between personality and perceived brand personality of Instagram accounts has yet to be studied. 194 participants participated in an online study about Instagram profiles. Each participant was shown 1 of 3 Instagram Influencer profiles (guru, adventurer, instructor). Participants rated each profile on its perceived personality using the NEO IPIP measure of Big 5 personality. Participants also rated their own personality using the HEXACO six factor measure of personality. Researchers analyzed the ratings and found that the profiles were perceived differently on the personality trait of extraversion and openness to experience with the guru profile having the highest level of extraversion. Future research should continue to evaluate perceived brand personality of Instagram profiles.
Copyright (c) 2019 Heamily Singh, Sayeed Islam
Conceptual Analysis of Policy Challenge of Implementing Human Resource Accounting in Nigeria
The importance of implementing human resource accounting (HRA) in an organisation has been given much attention in the literature but the challenges of implementing HRA requires more studies, especially within the Nigerian context. Within this purview, this paper examinedthe policy challenges of implementing HRA in Nigeria. Hence, the study takes an exploratory approach by reviewing extant literature on issues relating to policies involved in managing human resource. Outcome of the review of extant literature revealed that there are difficulties in implementing effective HRA in Nigeria as a result of the inadequacy of the policy framework guiding human resource valuation and reporting. This means that policies and skills required to tackle the technicalities involved in the implementation of HRA for effective management were not adequate. Therefore, the study recommends that relevant stakeholders should come together to draft a policy on how human resource can be effectively and adequately valuedand reported for management internal decision making and for external use. Key words:Human resource accounting, policies, IFRS, Nigeria
Blockchain Finance – Massive Disruption or Status Quo?
We evaluate the potential disruptive power of the emergence of Block Chain Technology. The central question is whether this technology is simply a new tool to be used by an existing infrastructure or if this new tool will in fact lead to the emergence of a new way of performing the critical role of finance in society. Although the likely outcome may not the development of a new financial services paradigm, it is clear that the likely outcome will be a quantum shift in exactly how the world of financial services operates.
A Reevaluation of the Work of William Beaver in 1968
This study evaluates the pivotal work of Beaver (1968) that demonstrated the value and timeliness of financial statements. This paper discusses the original study by Beaver (1968), assesses the literature in the field since 1968, and conducts a study that fills three important gaps in the research area of information content of financial statements. The key test is an analysis of variance (ANOVA) test that compares the trading volume of a firm 30 days prior to an earnings announcement with the trading volume of that firm for 10 days after the announcement. This study concludes that between 61.81% and 64.85% of all firms report financial information that is both timely and valuable. The first research gap that this study fills is the need for ongoing testing of the information content of financial statements as the financial markets and the field of accounting are constantly evolving. This study fills a second gap in the research by explaining variance in the post-announcement drift of individual firms. This study fills a third gap in the literature by providing a percentage estimate of all firms that provide timely and valuable information content. This third contribution may prove to be useful to future research as this classification of firms could be used as a platform to define the characteristics of individual firms that do or do not report financial information that is both timely and valuable.
Copyright (c) 2019 Zach Williams, Leslie L. West
Testing Assumptions: Can Performance Rating Feedback Result in Objective Performance Improvements?
Performance appraisal is intended to be an instrument for performance improvement and the use of ratings is based on the assumption that rating feedback will have an impact on objective performance outcomes. Yet, most studies measure improvement as changes in performance ratings over time and there is limited empirical evidence to support this assumption. The present experiment was designed to address this gap in the literature by directly testing the effect of rating feedback on objective performance. Groups completed two problem solving tasks, receiving rating feedback on several team performance dimensions after the first task. Improvement in ratings and objective performance scores on the second task was measured to evaluate the impact of the feedback. Results replicated past research, demonstrating that rating feedback leads to improvement in subsequent ratings. Further, this experiment provides empirical evidence in support of the assumption that rating feedback can result in objective performance improvement.
Stepwise Regression to Predict Market Performance in the Janet Yellen Era
This paper adds to research on the effect of past interest rates on current market performance; specifically, this papers attempts to determine if a model can be developed to predict market performance based on historical interest rates. This research utilizes data from two different time periods to construct two different models, and each model is tested to determine its predictive ability during the time period when Janet Yellen was Chair of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. This research finds that models with strong predictive ability can be developed within time periods, but due to issues of non-stationarity and overfitting, those models become much weaker when applied to a different time period. Future research is necessary to create more successful models, and that future research needs to involve rigorous analysis of specific time periods to avoid problems with non-stationarity, and that research needs to utilize a number of data analysis techniques to avoid problems with overfitting.
Human resources and marketing are in periods of need to unite their strategies as technology evolves and becomes further embedded in society. These advances have increased the need for better alignment between the employer and consumer brands of organizations. The authors propose a model to increase brand alignment between an organization’s human resources and marketing functions. Social media is highlighted as a medium through which human resources and marketing messages may be aligned most effectively. This paper uses a case study approach to explore the issue of brand alignment, referencing the experiences of three operationally distinct organizations. Case studies from two technology firms and a global consumer brand are used to delineate the specificities of the model. Recommendations for using social media as a tool to engage customers and employees are explored. An agenda for best practices for effective brand alignment between human resources and marketing is offered.
Copyright (c) 2018 Sayeedul Islam, Anthony Auriemmo, Jennifer Auriemmo, Joseph Mazzola
Rideshare Companies Uber and Lyft Strongly Affect Taxi and Rental Car Industries
The rideshare industry has boomed in recent years, and companies such as Uber and Lyft have disrupted both taxicab businesses and rental car companies. This study analyzes the effect of Uber and Lyft on the taxi industry and the rental car industry. The independent variables are Uber and Lyft rides per day in New York City. The dependent variables are NYC taxicab medallion prices, Hertz stock prices, and Avis stock prices. The conclusions in this study are that Uber and Lyft have caused the decrease in the value of NYC taxicab medallions, the decrease in the value of Hertz stock, and the decrease in the value of Avis stock.
A Qualitative Model for Customer Behavioral Decisions and Satisfaction in the Hospitality Industry
It is increasingly important for organizations in the hospitality industry to utilize qualitative, customer-generated content on social media to gain insight into guest perceptions, intentions, and outcomes. On the basis of the service quality model, this research sought to investigate the discrepancy between expected and perceived service. Guest reviews from online review websites like Yelp and TripAdvisor were randomly sampled for 16 hotels across the United States of America. For each hotel, 20 written comments and their corresponding numeric ratings were coded and analyzed using Tropes. We found linkages to both average and positive experiences for staff and linkages to average, positive, and negative experiences for service. Guest experience was linked to staff and service, as well as room, location, meal, and time. Critiques of service, rooms, cleanliness and restaurants were strongly related to staff. Directions for future research, including the utility of crowd-sourced word dictionaries to aid hospitality research are discussed.
Copyright (c) 2017 Sayeedul Islam, Michael H. Chetta, Andrzej Kozikowski, David Cassel, Bhagya Bandara, Dana Cyrelda Sanchez
Associating Knowledge-in-Use with Technology-in-Use While Comparing Building Information Modeling (BIM) in Finland and in Quebec
Building Information Modeling (known as BIM) implementation has been pushed by various initiatives in Finland, Norway, USA and many other countries. Each country has its own vision towards its implementation. In this article, the BIM implementation has been discussed in Quebec, in comparison with Finland. A theoretical understanding of technological use, as technology-in-use, has been adopted to conduct this study, from the multi-dimensional way. The main problems of the constructions industry were described as rooted in the long-established work-practice and traditional managerial approaches in this specific industry. Further more, a concept of knowledge-of-use has been emphasized by actors’ users of BIM, considering the technology as one thing, and knowledge acquisition in using technology in order to incorporate the use as another thing. In addition, managerial implications are discussed.
Copyright (c) 2017 Hamed Motaghi, Ph.D., Albert Lejeune, Ph.D., Gulnaz Aksenova
Since organizations have become more global, the structures in organizations have been transformed into more flexible units. With these changes, many new approaches have emerged in management practice. Among all others, virtuality in organizations received a growing attention in the last decade. Extensive amount of research confirmed the fact that virtuality plays a crucial role in organizations. Findings linked virtuality to a number of variables including organizational and behavioral outcomes, which range from team leadership to employee feelings, lack of face-to-face contact between people at the workplace resulted in fierce challenges that raised the barriers for organizational effectiveness and innovativeness. Although the dynamics of virtual working have gained much traction, only a limited number of studies addressed the impacts of virtuality at the individual and task level. This paper discusses the implications of task virtuality by elaborating its impacts on work related, behavioral outcomes as well as innovation capabilities of knowledge employees.
Centers of Excellence Management within Multinational Corporations
As organizations expand geographically, and especially when expanding globally, they often find it necessary, or more effective, to develop Centers of Excellence (CoE). If properly structured these centers can reduce cost, improve efficiency, leverage organizational assets, and often improve levels of organizational innovation. This is the next installment in a series of articles started in the first issues of the JMI exploring these very challenging issues (Coughlan & Bernstein, 2015). In this installment the authors will specifically address issues surrounding leadership, integrated governance model, standardization, continuous improvement, business continuity, and managing through hard target metrics.┬á This article assumes that the CoE is past its initial startup phase and it operating at a full level of scale. In addition, this paper is focused on multi-national corporations (MNCs) where CoEs are internally operated ΓÇô not outsourced to third parties - and more specifically on knowledge based CoEs.
Copyright (c) 2016 Tom Coughlan, Gary Bernstein
MULTI-GENERATIONAL DIFFERENCES IN PERCEPTION OF COERCIVE POWER IN THE WORKPLACE: SENIOR EXECUTIVE COERCIVE POWER
The purpose of this research study was to investigate the perception of coercive power between Generation X born between 1965 and 1980, and Generation Y born between 1981 and 2000, within an organizationΓÇÖs workplace environment, to determine whether differences existed in their perception of coercive power - Senior Executive┬áCoercive Power: Participants perceive senior executives use coercive power more than supervisors to motivate performance.
Barriers to investment toward Barriers to learning: the case of B├⌐jaia area's companies in Algeria
The purpose of this paper is to identify the obstacles inhibiting the building culture of organizational learning in the Algerian company. The business climate or the professional conditions in which Algerian companies operate are steadily worsening according to the Doing Business report 2016. Algeria does not facilitate the task for its entrepreneurs, quite the contrary. The Doing business report make a comparison of countries in the world in the field of entrepreneurship, and Algeria is very poorly placed. Algeria continues to fall in the Doing Business ranking of the World Bank and loses two more places compared to the last year joining the group of the last countries. Algeria, ranked 163 out of 189 countries in Doing Business 2016, remains a very difficult country to do business. Starting from this idea, we will see how these barriers to investment -the complexity of procedures to create companies, the long durations to receive a building permit, etc- are mainly caused by the institutional deficit in the coordination of economic activity, have contributed to the construction of obstacles to organizational learning in Algerian companies.
Open and Linked Data in Business: Disruptive Marketing Mix 3.0
This research aims to explain how the use of Open and Linked Data impacts the business practices. Building business based on Open Data may seem counterintuitive, but new models such as Marketing 2.0/3.0 are emerging with greater frequency and demonstrate integration of Open Data into business operations in a useful, profitable manner. The paper starts with state of the art about using Open Data in business. The next part ┬áexplains Linked Data and then presents case studies about some frequently used Open Data in business practices. The paper discusses the opportunities for integration of Open and Linked Data towards sharing marketing information, and proposes a conceptual Disrupting Marketing Mix 3.0 Model, adopting the Business 3.0 approach. Highlighting the increasing role of Linked Open Data and pointing out potential benefits and risks, the paper analyses smart innovative practices and is a source of innovation itself.
The Quantitative MBA: Exploring the Relationship Between Quantitative Orientation and the Pursuit of a Business Degree
Focusing on undergraduate business MBA students this paper explores the hypothesis that students with a quantitative orientation self-select themselves into undergraduate business and MBA programs.┬á This paper explores the hypothesis that quantitative oriented students self-select into undergraduate business and MBA programs.┬á This is in comparison to undergraduate and graduate business students as opposed to the general population of students.┬á This research does not confirm the hypothesis that business school graduates are skewed toward the quantitative orientation and raises the questions around what is the right profile for firms to be able to compete in the future.┬á This is especially an important philosophical question coming out of the Great Recession where quantitative analysis could not prevent the collapse of the global financial system.
On the Enablement, Deployment and Management of the Breakout Workforce
Radical changes in the way new Information Age industries are created and in the business models that drive them, have initiated an Age of Content launched by an invisible workforce. Implications of the break-out leadership that launched a massive breakout workforce are considered. The roles that education, learning and training will play in preparing the breakout workforce as it expands in the future are examined. Current Business Management practices are questioned and a model is proposed for how all these forces drive radical industrialization.
Copyright (c) 2017 Miriam Masullo, Christina Harnett, Antonio Ruiz, Timothy Schoeb, Linda Tsantis
Welcome to the inaugural issues. We wish to welcome our readers and provide some context to what they are about to experience as they engage with our site.
Centers of Excellence Development within Multinational Corporations
As organizations expand globally they often find it necessary or more effective to develop Centers of Excellence to reduce cost, improve the efficiency, or leverage organizational assets to improve some aspect of the innovation process. This article will look at the organizational issues involved in the development and launching of new Centers of Excellence in multi national organizations.
With most new enterprise the early stages typical have a series of steep learning curves, and each day provides the founding team with a new set of challenges and opportunities. This has certainly been the case with JMI. Among the changeless we have faced is that of developing the trappings necessary to be considered a serious peer-reviewed journal. Over the past few months we have acquired an ISBN number, DOI number, and have been registered a several journal directories including the DOAJ. Those who follow innovation would probably agree we have reached the stage of MVP (or minimally viable product). We have those core attributes that get us in to the game as a potential solution for those looking to experience a peer-reviewed journal as a reader, a reviewer, or as an author. Going forward we will be looking to grow the journalΓÇÖs readership, increase our pool of authors, reviewers and editors ΓÇô while staying true to our mission of discussing actionable ideas for both practitioners and scholars. However, we still believe that as with most new products, or innovations, our product has a great deal of maturing yet to do and we are looking forward to seeing how things will continue to develop.
Impact of Personnel Capabilities on Organizational Innovation Capability
One of the most dynamic capabilities that lead to the strongest competitive advantage in the organizations is the innovation capability. Analysing the development of ┬áa firmΓÇÖs ┬áinnovation capability capabilities of a firm is an important research project, and can help organizations to achieve competitive advantage in this rapidly changing world. This research focuses on definition of the personnel aspect of innovation capability, and proposes a conceptual model based on the scientific articles of academic literature on organisations innovation capability. This paper includes an expert based validation in three rounds of the Delphi method. And for the purpose of a better appreciation of the relationship dominating the factors of the model, it has distributed the questionnaire to Iranian companies in the Food industry. This research proposed a direct relationship between Innovation Capability and the Personnel Capability. Also, it offers the most important components and indices which directly influence and are related to the Innovation Capability ┬á