Open and Linked Data in Business: Disruptive Marketing Mix 3.0
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18059/jmi.v3i1.31Keywords:
Open Data, Linked Data, Business, Model, MarketingAbstract
This research aims to explain how the use of Open and Linked Data impacts the business practices. Building business based on Open Data may seem counterintuitive, but new models such as Marketing 2.0/3.0 are emerging with greater frequency and demonstrate integration of Open Data into business operations in a useful, profitable manner.
The paper starts with state of the art about using Open Data in business. The next part  explains Linked Data and then presents case studies about some frequently used Open Data in business practices. The paper discusses the opportunities for integration of Open and Linked Data towards sharing marketing information, and proposes a conceptual Disrupting Marketing Mix 3.0 Model, adopting the Business 3.0 approach.
Highlighting the increasing role of Linked Open Data and pointing out potential benefits and risks, the paper analyses smart innovative practices and is a source of innovation itself.
References
Ahmadi-Zeleti, F. (2016). Best Practices/Open Data Business Model Patterns and Open Data Business Value Disciplines. Retrieved from: https://www.w3.org/2013/share-psi/wiki/Best_Practices/Open_Data_Business_Model_Patterns_and_Open_Data_Business_Value_Disciplines
Algemene Rekenkamer. (2015). Open Data Trend Report 2015. Retrieved from: http://www.courtofaudit.nl/english/Publications/Audits/Introductions/2015/03/Open_Data_Trend_Report_2015
AudienceBloom. (2016). What Works in Online Marketing. Retrieved from: http://www.audiencebloom.com/wp-content/uploads/What-Works-in-Online-Marketing-2016.pdf
Bauer, F., Kaltenb├╢ck, M. (2012). Linked Open Data: The Essentials, A Quick Start Guide For Decision Makers. Retrieved from: http://www.reeep.org/linked-open-data-essentials
Bizer, C., Heath, T., Berners-Lee, T. (2009).This is a preprint of a paper to appear in: Heath, T., Hepp, M., and Bizer, C. (eds.). Linked Data ΓÇô The Story So Far. Special Issue on Linked Data, International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS) 5, Issue 3
Bonina, M.C. (2013). New business models and the value of Open Data: definitions, challenges and opportunities. Retrieved from: http://www.nemode.ac.uk/?page_id=564
Breslin, J., Passant, A., Decker, S. (2009). The Social Semantic Web. Retrieved from: http://www.springer.com/us/book/9783642011719
Bushell, D. (2011). Understanding Copyright And Licenses. Retrieved from: https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2011/06/understanding-copyright-and-licenses/
Carrara, W., San Chan, W. (2015). European Commission: Creating Value through Open Data: A study on the impact of Re-use of Public Data Resources. Retrieved from: http://www.europeandataportal.eu/en/content/creating-value-through-open-data
Charlotte, J. (2016). 14 innovative UK companies using Open Data 2016. Retrieved from: http://www.techworld.com/picture-gallery/startups/12-innovative-uk-companies-using-open-data-3613884/#6
Choudhury, N. (2014). World Wide Web and Its Journey from Web 1.0 to Web 4.0. (IJCSIT) International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies, 5 (6) , 2014, 8096-8100
Chui, M., Manyika, J., Bughin, J., Dobbs, R., Roxburgh, C., Sarrazin, H., ... Westergren, M. (2012). The social economy: Unlocking value and productivity through social technologies. Retrieved from: http://www.mckinsey.com/industries/high-tech/our-insights/the-social-economy
Costantino, J. (2011). Again, What is The Purpose of Marketing?. Retrieved from: http://businessmarketingsuccess.com/2011/07/27/again-what-is-the-purpose-of-marketing/
Deloitte. (2012). Open Data Driving growth, ingenuity and innovation. Retrieved from: http://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/uk/Documents/deloitte-analytics/open-data-driving-growth-ingenuity-and-innovation.pdf
Dobney. (n.d.). Market Intelligence. Retrieved from: http://www.dobney.com/market_intelligence.htm
Gaskin, E. (2013). Marketing Innovation Defined. Retrieved from: http://www.csuiteinsider.com/marketing-innovation/
Govlab. (2014). The GovLab Selected Readings on the Economic Impact of Open Data. Retrieved from: http://thegovlab.org/the-govlab-selected-readings-on-the-economic-impact-of-open-data/
Gruen, N., Houghton, J., Tooth, R. (2014). Open for Business: How Open Data Can Help Achieve the G20 Growth Target. Retrieved from: https://www.omidyar.com/insights/open-business
Gurin, J. (2013). Big Data Vs Open Data ΓÇô Mapping It Now. Retrieved from: http://www.opendatanow.com/2013/11/new-big-data-vs-open-data-mapping-it-out/#.V25wrvmLRdh
Hand, D. (2012). Open Data is a force for good, but not without risks. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/society/2012/jul/10/open-data-force-for-good-risks
Hyland, B., Atemezing, G., Pendleton, M., & Srivastava, B. (Eds.). (2013). Linked Data Glossary. Retrieved from: https://www.w3.org/TR/ld-glossary/
Janssen, M., Charalabidis, Y., Zuiderwijk, A. (2012). Benefits, Adoption Barriers and Myths of Open Data and Open Government. Information Systems Management, (ISM), 29, no.4, pp. 258-268.
Jisc. (2013). Open/Linked Data. Retrieved from: https://www.jisc.ac.uk/guides/managing-course-information/openlinked-data
Kalcheva, D. (2015). Linked Data adoption and application within financial business processes. Retrieved from: http://essay.utwente.nl/67564/1/Kalcheva_MA_MB.pdf
Khanzode, Ku. Ch. A., Sarode, R. D. (2016). Evolution of the World Wide Web: from Web 1.0 to Web 6.0. International Journal of Digital Library Services 6, April - June 2016, Issue - 2
Linked Education. (2014). Linked Learning meets LinkedUp: Learning and Education with the Web of Data. Retrieved from: https://linkededucation.wordpress.com/events/lile2014/
Manyika, J., Chui, M., Farrell, D., Van Kuiken, S., Groves, P., & Doshi, E. A. (2013). Open Data: Unlocking innovation and performance with liquid information. Retrieved from: http://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/business-technology/our-insights/open-data-unlocking-innovation-and-performance-with-liquid-information
Marketing Land. (n.d.). What Is Social Media Marketing?. Retrieved from: http://searchengineland.com/guide/what-is-social-media-marketing
Marketing Science Institute. (2014). How Social Media Data Becomes Marketing Intelligence. Retrieved from: http://www.msi.org/articles/how-social-media-data-becomes-marketing-intelligence/
Nieuwenhuis, M., Steenbergen, E.V., Carrara, W. (2016). Overcoming Open Data barriers in the European Union. Retrieved from: http://central-government.governmentcomputing.com/features/overcoming-open-data-barriers-in-the-european-union-4825859
Open Data Enterprise. (n.d.). What Is Open Data?. Retrieved from: http://www.opendataenterprise.org/index.html
Open Data Institute. (n.d.a). Getting started with data cleaning. Retrieved from: http://training.theodi.org/InPractice/inpractice3/#/id/co-01
Open Data Institute. (n.d.b). What do ODI Certificates look for?. Retrieved from: http://training.theodi.org/InPractice/inpractice1/#/id/co-01
Open Data Institute. (n.d.c). What makes data open?. Retrieved from: https://theodi.org/guides/what-open-data
Patel, K. (2013). Incremental Journey for World Wide Web: Introduced with Web 1.0 to Recent Web 5.0 ΓÇô A Survey Paper. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, 3, October 2013, Issue 10
Plumbaum, T. Wu. S., De Luca, E. W., Albayrak, S. (2011). User Modeling
for the Social Semantic Web. Retrieved from: https://www.dai-labor.de/fileadmin/Files/Publikationen/Buchdatei/umwn_spim2011_final.pdf
Polańska, K. (2014). Social Media In Modern Business. European Scientific Journal September 2014 /SPECIAL/ edition 1
Prasad, A. (2014). How Semantic Web Tech Can Make Big Data Smarter. Retrieved from: http://www.cmswire.com/cms/featured-articles/how-semantic-web-tech-can-make-big-data-smarter-026726.php
Rahm, E., Do, H.H. (2000). Data Cleaning: Problems and Current Approaches. Retrieved from: http://betterevaluation.org/sites/default/files/data_cleaning.pdf
Robak, S., Franczyk, B., Robak, M. (2012). Applying Linked Data Concepts in BPM. Proceedings of the Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems, Wroclaw, pp. 1105ΓÇô1110
Robinson, I., Webber, J., Eifrem, E. (2015). Graph Databases. Retrieved from: http://info.neo4j.com/rs/neotechnology/images/Graph_Databases_2e_Neo4j.pdf?_ga=1.78856084.1455536698.1470232684
Techopedia. (n.d.). Data Cleansing. Retrieved from: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/1174/data-cleansing
UNESCO Institute for Statistic. (2009). Measuring innovation [Presentation]. Training Workshop on Science, Technology and Innovaton Indicators Cairo, Egypt, 28-30 September 2009
Verhulst, S. (2014). Business Models That Take Advantage of Open Data Opportunities. Retrieved from: http://thegovlab.org/business-models-that-take-advantage-of-open-data-opportunities/
Warrink, D. (2015). The Marketing Mix in a Marketing 3.0 Context. Retrieved from: http://essay.utwente.nl/67347/1/Warrink_BA_MB.pdf
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).